Acta Polytech 47(4–5)Īlvarez D, Hornero R, Marcos JV, Wessel N, Penzel T, Glos M, Del Campo F (2013) Assessment of feature selection and classification approaches to enhance information from overnight oximetry in the context of apnea diagnosis. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 54(10):1900–1904Īleksandrowicz A, Leonhardt S (2007) Wireless and non-contact ecg measurement system -the aachen smartchair. ![]() MS thesisĪl-Angari HM, Sahakian AV (2007) Use of sample entropy approach to study heart rate variability in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. This chapter discusses unobtrusive state-of-the-art sensors and algorithms for sleep monitoring in adults, with a special focus on heart rate, respiration, and blood oxygenation monitoring.Ībad DG (2009) Development of a capacitive bioimpedance measurement system. With this in mind, many studies have focused on the development of wearables and unobtrusive technologies that can be used at home and that can monitor sleep during more than one single night. This test is often associated with elevated costs and reduced comfort. Currently, sleep disorders are diagnosed using polysomnography (PSG), which is the gold-standard sleep test usually recorded in a sleep laboratory. Therefore, it is crucial to identify sleep problems in an early stage before the overall health is compromised in an irreversible way. These disturbances to the regular sleep structure have been strongly associated with reductions in cognitive and behavioral performance, attention deficit, depression, nocturia, memory loss, snoring, and cardiovascular diseases. It has an internal structure characterized by sleep stages, which is often affected by either the high demands of the current 24-h society or by different sleep disorders such as sleep apnea. So it is not enough to know whether someone has for example apneas during sleep, but also whether these apneas are associated with abnormal sleep architecture, as shown by hypnogram.Sleep is a complex physiological process that plays a fundamental role in maintaining homeostasis and overall health. many arousals, many sleep stages changes etc, it has been proven by studies that the subject has a reduced quality of life, increased risk of accidents, and more daytime sleepiness. In other words, if hypnogram shows abnormal sleep architecture, i.e. It has been found that daily somnolence predisposes to work-related and road traffic accidents due to sleep fragmentation. The prevailing opinion today is that not only it is important but is is also necessary. Is it so important to record hypnogram during a sleep study? Hence many times when we wake up, we remember our dreams, because we just may wake after REM sleep. Deep sleep (NREM step 3) occurs mainly in the first half of our sleep and dreams predominate prevalent in the second half (REM). Conversely, if there is no pathological factor, hypnogram usually consists of 4-6 sleep cycles lasting about 90 minutes each. If he takes drugs affecting the structure of sleep, it will also be recorded. If deprived of sleep the previous days, this will be illustrated in hypnogram. A normal adult requires about 7-9 hours of sleep daily. ![]() Normal hypnogramĭuring our sleep, cycles of non-REM (non-Rapid Eye Movement) sleep alternate with cycles of REM (Rapid Eye Movement). It is a process that requires time and knowledge, as the whole duration of your sleep is scored in periods of half a minute. Then summarizes hypnogram with the aid of software. Method of calculating hypnogramīased on guidelines of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM), in order to determine sleep stages, Sleep Physician scores your sleep at intervals of 30 seconds. Sleep disorders specialist can diagnose various disorders of your sleep stages, both qualitative and quantitative. It is requires full polysomnography at sleep laboratory, including EEG, EMG and simultaneous recording of eye movements. Hypnogram is a graphical representation of sleep stages in relation to time.
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